Physiologic parameters:
| |
Sheep
|
Goat
|
|
Body temperature
|
39.5° C
|
39° C
|
|
Heart rate
|
60-120/min
|
70-135/min
|
|
Respiratory rate
|
19/min
|
20/min
|
|
Tidal volume
|
300 ml
|
325 ml
|
Xylazine should be used in the 20 mg/ml concentration
(small animals); allows better dosage control.
Anesthetic combination: Mix 1 ml xylazine (100
mg/ml), 1 ml butorphanol tartrate (Torbugesic®),
and 8 ml sterile water. Dose at .05 mg/kg IV and
give 1 ml ketamine IM.
Aspirin should be used cautiously and not for extended
periods to prevent gastric ulcer formation.
Sheep and goats should be fasted for 18-24 hours
prior to induction of anesthesia to control regurgitation.
Water should be withheld for about 6 hours.
Positioning of ruminants during anesthesia is an
important consideration. Right lateral recumbency
should be avoided, as this results in intra-abdominal
pressure, pressure on the diaphragm, and the collection
of gas in the rumen.
Saliva may continue to flow in considerable quantities
during general anesthesia in ruminants.
Restraint/Preanesthesia
| Indication and Drugs |
Dosage and Route
of Administration |
|
Atropine
|
0.1-1.0 mg/kg
|
IM SC IV
|
|
repeat
every 15-30 minutes
|
0.2 mg/kg
|
IV
|
|
Ketamine
|
2-7 mg/kg
|
IV
|
|
Acetylpromazine
|
0.05-1.0 mg/kg
|
IM SC IV
|
|
Diazepam, C-IV (Valium®)
|
0.2-0.5 mg/kg
|
IV IM
|
Anesthesia
| Indication and Drugs |
Dosage and Route
of Administration |
|
Sodium Pentobarbital, C-II
|
30-40 mg/kg
|
IV
|
|
Sodium Thiopental, C-III (5%)
|
22 mg/kg
|
IV
|
|
Xylazine/Ketamine:
|
|
|
|
Xylazine
|
0.1 mg/kg
|
IM
|
|
Ketamine
|
5 mg/kg
|
IM
|
|
Xylazine/Butorphanol
|
See above in Species Information
|
|
Halothane (Fluothane®)
|
To effect
|
IH
|
|
Halothane/Nitrous Oxide (50% O2
+ 50% N20)
|
To effect
|
IH
|
Analgesia
| Indication and Drugs |
Dosage and Route
of Administration |
|
Meperidine, C-II (Demerol®)
|
2-5 mg/kg
|
IV
|
|
Phenylbutazone
|
4-8 mg/kg q24h
|
PO
|
| |
2-5 mg/kg q24h
|
IV
|
|
Xylazine (Rompun®)
|
0.1 mg/kg
|
IV
|
|
Butorphanol tartrate (Torbugesic®)
|
0.3 mg/kg
|
SC IV
|
|
Acetylsalicytic Acid (Aspirin)
|
10 mg/kg q4h
|
PO
|
|
Buprenorphine
|
0.005 mg/kg q12h
|
SC
|
|
Pentazocine, C-IV (Talwin®)
|
2 mg/kg q4h
|
IM
|
Reversal Agents
| Indication and Drugs |
Dosage and Route
of Administration |
|
Yohimbine
|
0.2 mg/kg (ovine)
|
IV
|
