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Anesthesia and Analgesia for Cats (Felis catus) |
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Physiologic parameters:
Body temperature |
38.5° C |
Heart rate |
110-140/min |
Respiratory rate |
26/min |
Tidal volume |
20 ml |
Morphine should be used with caution in cats. It causes extreme hyperexcitement if overdosed.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should generally not be used in cats. Acetaminophen, ibuprofen, flunixin meglumine, and phenylbutazone are contraindicated. Aspirin is toxic to cats and must be dosed very carefully. Aspirin can cause bone marrow depression, anemia, gastric lesions, and death.
Ketamine at a dose of 44 mg/kg IM can produce mortality in some cats; 25 mg/kg IM is usually adequate for most individuals.
Restraint/Preanesthesia
| Indication and Drugs |
Dosage and Route of Administration |
Atropine |
0.04 mg/kg |
IM SC IV |
Ketamine |
11 mg/kg |
IM |
Ketamine/Acetylpromazine (10:1 dose based on ketamine) |
11 mg/kg |
IM |
Acetylpromazine |
0.055-0.11 mg/kg |
IM SC |
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1.1-2.2 mg/kg |
PO |
Xylazine (Rompun®) 1 |
1.1-2.2 mg/kg |
IM SC |
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1.1 mg/kg |
IV |
Diazepam, C-IV (Valium®) |
1 mg/kg |
IV |
Anesthesia3
| Indication and Drugs |
Dosage and Route of Administration |
Sodium Pentobarbital, C-II |
30 mg/kg |
IV |
Thiamylal Sodium, C-III (2%) (Surital®, Bio-Tal®) |
17.5 mg/kg |
IV |
Sodium Thiopental, C-III (2.5%) |
15-25 mg/kg |
IV |
Ketamine (Ketaset®, Vetalar®) 2 |
22-33 mg/kg |
IM |
Ketamine/Acetylpromazine (10:1 dose based on ketamine) |
22-33 mg/kg |
IM |
Ketamine/Xylazine: |
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Xylazine |
1 mg/kg |
IM |
Ketamine |
10 mg/kg |
IM |
redose ketamine as needed |
4-8 mg/kg |
IM |
Ketamine/Diazepam (2:1)2 |
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Ketamine |
0.5-1 mg/lb |
IV |
Diazepam |
0.1-0.2 mg/lb |
IV |
Methoxyflurane (Metofane®) |
To effect |
IH |
Halothane (Fluothane®) |
To effect |
IH |
Isoflurane |
To effect |
IH |
Halothane/Nitrous Oxide (50% O2 + 50% N20) |
To effect |
IH |
Analgesia
| Indication and Drugs |
Dosage and Route of Administration |
Morphine, C-II |
0.5-5.0 mg/kg, q2-4hr |
IM, SQ |
Butorphanol tartrate (Torbugesic®) |
0.055-0.11 mg/kg, q6-12hr |
SQ |
Buprenorphine |
0.01-0.02 mg/kg, q12h |
SQ |
Flunixin meglumine (Banamine) |
0.5-2.2 mg/kg, daily |
IM, IV |
Acetylsalicytic Acid (Aspirin) |
25 mg/kg, q8hr |
PO |
Morphine, C-II |
0.1 mg/kg |
SC IM |
Carprofen |
4mg/kg, q24hr |
SQ, IV |
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1-2 mg/kg, q12hr |
PO |
Ketoprofen |
1-2 mg/kg, 24hr |
SQ, IM, IV, PO |
Reversal Agents
| Indication and Drugs |
Dosage and Route of Administration |
Xylazine |
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Yohimbine |
0.1 mg/kg |
IV |
Medetomidine |
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Atipamezole |
0.05 mg/kg |
IM |
Narcotics |
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Nalaxone |
0.005-0.02 mg/kg |
IV |
1 Pre-medication with Atropine or Glycopyrrolate is suggested to avoid bradycardia and cardiac arrhythmias.
2 Poor analgesia. Adequate for superficial procedures only!
3 The dosage and frequency of administration of all analgesic agents must be tailored to the animal, procedure, and magnitude of pain present. Combinations of narcotics and non-steroidal agents are commonly used. Consult your veterinarian for specific recommendations.
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